To Survive, Decentralize! The Barbarian Threat and State Decentralization By Jakub Grygiel Orbis: A Journal of World Affairs, Volume 55, Number 4 (2011) Abstract:Â What happens when states or empires face multiple… [continue reading]
Hannibal: The Man, The Myth, The Mystery First aired in 2008 on BBC and National Geographic Channel In a series of epic battles, Hannibal brought Rome to the brink of destruction, but in the end it was Hannibal’s army that was obliterated. Where did… [continue reading]
Roman Policy towards the Jews: Expulsions from the City of Rome during the First Century C.E. By Leonard Victor Rutgers Classical Antiquity, Vol. 13, No. 1 (1994) Introduction: In this article I… [continue reading]
Dating Christmas By Andrew McGowan Originally published as “How December 25th Became Christmas,†Bible Review Vol.18:6 (2002) Introduction: Where did Christmas come from? Many have heard the explanation that Christians appropriated a pagan festival, date and customs… [continue reading]
Athenian Terms of Civic Praise in the 330s: Aeschines vs. Demosthenes By Brad L. Cook Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies, Vol.49:1 (2009) Introduction: In 336 B.C., when Ctesiphon moved to crown Demosthenes, he included… [continue reading]
Sol Invictus, the Winter Solstice, and the Origins of Christmas By Steven Hijmans Mouseion, Number 47 (2003) Introduction: It is well known that we do not know the exact date of the birth of Jesus Christ. In most churches December… [continue reading]
The separateness of Christians in their interaction with the public life of Imperial Romans, AD 50-313 By Diana Valerie Clark PhD Dissertation, University of Johannesburg, 2008 Abstract… [continue reading]
The Twilight of Judah: In the Egyptian-Babylonian Maelstrom By A. Malamat Vetus Testamentum, Vol.28 (1975) Introduction:The late seventh century B.C., noted for its reshufflings in the international political sphere, saw the collapse… [continue reading]
The Athenian Plague By Markus Asper Published Online, 2008 Introduction: During the years 430-426/5 BCE, a plague afflicted the city of Athens. At that time, Athens had just entered upon a three-decade war with her arch-enemy, Sparta, and her allies. Because of Spartan… [continue reading]
Ethics in Ancient India By John Bussanich Grundlagen der Antiken Ethik / Foundations of Ancient Ethics, ed. J. Hardy and G. Rudebusch, Vandenhoek & Ruprecht (V & R Unipress Gmbh, 2010) Introduction: Ancient India is rich with reflection on perennial ethical… [continue reading]
